中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)指植物(wu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、動物(wu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、礦物(wu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)少數化學、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)制品類藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最主要(yao)的是(shi)自然環(huan)境生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)下的植物(wu)。受影響于(yu)環(huan)境、違法添加、種植手段等因素(su)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)存在農殘超(chao)標問(wen)題的概率(lv)很高(gao)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)飲(yin)片(pian)的原(yuan)料，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)飲(yin)片(pian)又(you)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和臨床湯劑的原(yuan)料，因此(ci)把控好中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)及(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)飲(yin)片(pian)的農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)殘留(liu)事關藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)的藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效及(ji)安全性。

　　競道微(wei)流控農(nong)(nong)殘(can)(can)(can)檢(jian)(jian)測儀廣泛應用于(yu)水(shui)果、蔬菜(cai)、糧食(shi)、藥材等農(nong)(nong)副產品(pin)中有機(ji)磷(lin)和氨(an)基(ji)甲酸(suan)(suan)酯類(lei)農(nong)(nong)藥殘(can)(can)(can)留的(de)快速定性(xing)檢(jian)(jian)測，并(bing)嚴格執行國標《GB/T 5009.199—2003蔬菜(cai)中有機(ji)磷(lin)和氨(an)基(ji)甲酸(suan)(suan)酯類(lei)農(nong)(nong)藥殘(can)(can)(can)留量(liang)的(de)快速檢(jian)(jian)測》及《KJ201710蔬菜(cai)中敵百蟲、丙(bing)溴磷(lin)、滅多威、克百威、敵敵畏(wei)殘(can)(can)(can)留的(de)快速檢(jian)(jian)測方法(2017年第113號公告)》。當被測樣品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)出的(de)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)率＜50%，表明被測樣品(pin)農(nong)(nong)藥殘(can)(can)(can)留毒性(xing)符合國標要求。抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)率≥50%，表示蔬菜(cai)中有機(ji)磷(lin)和氨(an)基(ji)甲酸(suan)(suan)酯類(lei)農(nong)(nong)藥殘(can)(can)(can)留高(gao)于(yu)檢(jian)(jian)測限，判定為陽性(xing)，建議用氣相色(se)譜等儀器分(fen)析(xi)法作進一(yi)步確認。

　　儀(yi)器(qi)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)原理(li)根據有(you)機(ji)磷(lin)和氨基甲酸(suan)酯類(lei)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)能(neng)抑制昆蟲中(zhong)(zhong)樞和周(zhou)圍神(shen)經系統中(zhong)(zhong)乙酰膽堿酶的活(huo)(huo)性(xing)，造(zao)成神(shen)經傳導(dao)介(jie)質乙酰膽堿的積累，影響正常傳導(dao)，使(shi)昆蟲中(zhong)(zhong)毒死亡(wang)這一昆蟲毒理(li)學原理(li)，用在對農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)(can)留(liu)的檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)中(zhong)(zhong)。如(ru)果樣(yang)品的提取(qu)液中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)含有(you)機(ji)磷(lin)或(huo)(huo)氨基甲酸(suan)酯類(lei)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)或(huo)(huo)殘(can)(can)留(liu)量較低，酶的活(huo)(huo)性(xing)不(bu)(bu)被(bei)抑制，試驗中(zhong)(zhong)加入的底物就(jiu)(jiu)被(bei)酶水解，水解產物與加入的顯(xian)色(se)劑反應產生顏(yan)色(se)。反之，如(ru)果樣(yang)品的提取(qu)液中(zhong)(zhong)含有(you)一定(ding)量的有(you)機(ji)磷(lin)或(huo)(huo)氨基甲酸(suan)酯類(lei)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)酶的活(huo)(huo)性(xing)就(jiu)(jiu)被(bei)抑制或(huo)(huo)部分(fen)被(bei)抑制，試驗中(zhong)(zhong)加入的底物就(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)被(bei)酶水解或(huo)(huo)少部分(fen)被(bei)水解，從而不(bu)(bu)顯(xian)色(se)或(huo)(huo)顏(yan)色(se)變(bian)化很小，用分(fen)光光度計測(ce)(ce)定(ding)吸光值隨時間(jian)的變(bian)化情況計算出抑制率(lv)，就(jiu)(jiu)可以判(pan)斷藥(yao)(yao)材中(zhong)(zhong)含有(you)機(ji)磷(lin)或(huo)(huo)氨基甲酸(suan)酯類(lei)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的殘(can)(can)留(liu)情況。

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